1. According to the theory of continental drift, in prehistoric times, many of today’s separate
continents were part of a single huge landmass. As the plates on which this landmass rested began to move, the mass broke apart, and ocean water filled the newly created chasms. It is hypothesized, for example, that South America was once joined on its east coast with what is now the west coast of Africa.
Which one of the following discoveries, if it were
made, would most support the above hypothesis
about South America and Africa?
(A) A large band of ancient rock of a rare type
along the east coast of South America is of
the same type as a band on the west coast of
Africa.
(B) Many people today living in Brazil are
genetically quite similar to many western
Africans.
(C) The climates of western Africa and of the east
coast of South America resemble each other.
(D) Some of the oldest tribes of people living in
eastern South America speak languages
linguistically similar to various languages
spoken by certain western African peoples.
(E) Several species of plants found in western
Africa closely resemble plants growing in
South America.
2. Medical doctor: Sleep deprivation is the cause of many social ills, ranging from irritability to potentially dangerous instances of impaired decision making. Most people today suffer
from sleep deprivation to some degree. Therefore we should restructure the workday to allow people flexibility in scheduling their work hours.
Which one of the following, if true, would most
strengthen the medical doctor’s argument?
(A) The primary cause of sleep deprivation is
overwork.
(B) Employees would get more sleep if they had
greater latitude in scheduling their work
hours.
(C) Individuals vary widely in the amount of sleep
they require.
(D) More people would suffer from sleep
deprivation today than did in the past if the
average number of hours worked per week
had not decreased.
(E) The extent of one’s sleep deprivation is
proportional to the length of one’s workday.
3. Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers who work with MBTE, an ingredient currently used in some smog-reducing gasolines, found an alarming incidence of complaints about headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Since gasoline containing MBTE will soon be widely used, we can expect an increased incidence of headaches, fatigue, and shortness
of breath.
Each of the following, if true, strengthens the
toxicologist’s argument EXCEPT:
(A) Most oil-refinery workers who do not work with
MBTE do not have serious health problems
involving headaches, fatigue, and shortness
of breath.
(B) Headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath are
among the symptoms of several medical
conditions that are potentially serious threats
to public health.
(C) Since the time when gasoline containing
MBTE was first introduced in a few
metropolitan areas, those areas reported an
increase in the number of complaints about
headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
(D) Regions in which only gasoline containing
MBTE is used have a much greater incidence
of headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath
than do similar regions in which only MBTEfree
gasoline is used.
(E) The oil-refinery workers surveyed were
carefully selected to be representative of the
broader population in their medical histories
prior to exposure to MBTE, as well as in
other relevant respects.
4. Galanin is a protein found in the brain. In an experiment, rats that consistently chose to eat fatty foods when offered a choice between lean and fatty foods were found to have significantly higher concentrations of galanin in their brains than did rats that consistently chose lean over fatty foods. These facts strongly support the conclusion that galanin
causes rats to crave fatty foods.
Which one of the following, if true, most supports the
argument?
(A) The craving for fatty foods does not invariably
result in a rat’s choosing those foods over
lean foods.
(B) The brains of the rats that consistently chose to
eat fatty foods did not contain significantly
more fat than did the brains of rats that
consistently chose lean foods.
(C) The chemical components of galanin are
present in both fatty foods and lean foods.
(D) The rats that preferred fatty foods had the
higher concentrations of galanin in their
brains before they were offered fatty foods.
(E) Rats that metabolize fat less efficiently than do
other rats develop high concentrations of
galanin in their brains.
continents were part of a single huge landmass. As the plates on which this landmass rested began to move, the mass broke apart, and ocean water filled the newly created chasms. It is hypothesized, for example, that South America was once joined on its east coast with what is now the west coast of Africa.
Which one of the following discoveries, if it were
made, would most support the above hypothesis
about South America and Africa?
(A) A large band of ancient rock of a rare type
along the east coast of South America is of
the same type as a band on the west coast of
Africa.
(B) Many people today living in Brazil are
genetically quite similar to many western
Africans.
(C) The climates of western Africa and of the east
coast of South America resemble each other.
(D) Some of the oldest tribes of people living in
eastern South America speak languages
linguistically similar to various languages
spoken by certain western African peoples.
(E) Several species of plants found in western
Africa closely resemble plants growing in
South America.
2. Medical doctor: Sleep deprivation is the cause of many social ills, ranging from irritability to potentially dangerous instances of impaired decision making. Most people today suffer
from sleep deprivation to some degree. Therefore we should restructure the workday to allow people flexibility in scheduling their work hours.
Which one of the following, if true, would most
strengthen the medical doctor’s argument?
(A) The primary cause of sleep deprivation is
overwork.
(B) Employees would get more sleep if they had
greater latitude in scheduling their work
hours.
(C) Individuals vary widely in the amount of sleep
they require.
(D) More people would suffer from sleep
deprivation today than did in the past if the
average number of hours worked per week
had not decreased.
(E) The extent of one’s sleep deprivation is
proportional to the length of one’s workday.
3. Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers who work with MBTE, an ingredient currently used in some smog-reducing gasolines, found an alarming incidence of complaints about headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Since gasoline containing MBTE will soon be widely used, we can expect an increased incidence of headaches, fatigue, and shortness
of breath.
Each of the following, if true, strengthens the
toxicologist’s argument EXCEPT:
(A) Most oil-refinery workers who do not work with
MBTE do not have serious health problems
involving headaches, fatigue, and shortness
of breath.
(B) Headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath are
among the symptoms of several medical
conditions that are potentially serious threats
to public health.
(C) Since the time when gasoline containing
MBTE was first introduced in a few
metropolitan areas, those areas reported an
increase in the number of complaints about
headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
(D) Regions in which only gasoline containing
MBTE is used have a much greater incidence
of headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath
than do similar regions in which only MBTEfree
gasoline is used.
(E) The oil-refinery workers surveyed were
carefully selected to be representative of the
broader population in their medical histories
prior to exposure to MBTE, as well as in
other relevant respects.
4. Galanin is a protein found in the brain. In an experiment, rats that consistently chose to eat fatty foods when offered a choice between lean and fatty foods were found to have significantly higher concentrations of galanin in their brains than did rats that consistently chose lean over fatty foods. These facts strongly support the conclusion that galanin
causes rats to crave fatty foods.
Which one of the following, if true, most supports the
argument?
(A) The craving for fatty foods does not invariably
result in a rat’s choosing those foods over
lean foods.
(B) The brains of the rats that consistently chose to
eat fatty foods did not contain significantly
more fat than did the brains of rats that
consistently chose lean foods.
(C) The chemical components of galanin are
present in both fatty foods and lean foods.
(D) The rats that preferred fatty foods had the
higher concentrations of galanin in their
brains before they were offered fatty foods.
(E) Rats that metabolize fat less efficiently than do
other rats develop high concentrations of
galanin in their brains.
No comments:
Post a Comment