Part 5
Answer question 36 on the basis of the information
below.
I know that our rules prohibit members from bringing more than one guest at a time to the club, but I think there should be an exception to the rule on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays. Members should be allowed to bring multiple guests on those days, since the majority of members use the club facilities on the other four days of the week.
36. The rules restricting the number of guests a
member can bring to the club probably are
intended to
a. assure that members are not crowded by
the presence of guests.
b. provide extra income for the club on
slow days.
c. allow members to bring guests to the club
for special events.
d. restrict guests to public areas of the club.
e. control the exact number of people in the
club at any time.
Answer questions 37 and 38 on the basis of the
information below.
A recent study on professional football players showed that this new ointment helps relieve
joint pain. My mother has arthritis, and I told her she should try it, but she says it probably won’t help her.
37. What argument should the mother use to
point out why the ointment probably will not
help her arthritis?
a. The ointment was just experimental.
b. The ointment is expensive.
c. Football players’ joint pain is not the result
of arthritis.
d. She has already tried another ointment and
it didn’t work.
e. Football players are generally younger than
she is.
38. Which of the following, if true, would
strengthen the speaker’s argument?
a. The mother used to be a professional
bowler.
b. Football players’ injuries are rarely painful.
c. The mother’s arthritis only flares up in bad
weather.
d. The mother finds exercise helps her arthritis.
e. Football players who are injured tend to
develop arthritis.
Answer questions 39 through 41 on the basis of the
information below.
Giving children computers in grade school is a waste of money and teachers’ time. These children are too young to learn how to use computers effectively and need to spend time on learning the basics, like arithmetic and reading. After all, a baby has to crawl before she can walk.
39. Which of the following methods of argument
is used in the previous passage?
a. a specific example that illustrates the
speaker’s point
b. attacking the beliefs of those who disagree
with the speaker
c. relying on an analogy to prove the speaker’s
point
d. displaying statistics that back up the
speaker’s point
e. comparing different methods of learning
40. Which of the following, if true, would
strengthen the speaker’s argument?
a. studies showing computers are expensive
b. research on the effect of computer games
on children
c. examples of high school students who use
computers improperly
d. proof that the cost of computers is coming
down
e. evidence that using computers makes learning
to read difficult
41. Which of the following, if true, would
weaken the speaker’s argument?
a. a demonstration that computers can be
used to teach reading and arithmetic
b. analysis of the cost-effectiveness of new
computers versus repairing old computers
c. examples of adults who do not know how
to use computers
d. recent grade reports of students in the computer
classes
e. a visit to a classroom where computers are
being used
Answer questions 42 and 43 on the basis of the information
below.
The corner of Elm and Third needs to have a stoplight. Children cross this intersection on the way to school, and sometimes, they do not check for traffic. I’ve seen several children almost get hit by cars at this corner. I know that stoplights are not cheap, and I know that children cannot be protected from every danger, but this is one of the worst intersections in town. There needs to be a stoplight here so that traffic will be slowed down and the children can walk more safely.
42. Which of the following methods of argument
is used in the above passage?
a. analogy—comparing the intersection to
something dangerous
b. emotion—referring to the safety of children
to get people interested
c. statistical analysis—noting the number of
children almost hit and the cost of a stop
light
d. personalization—telling the story of one
child’s near accident at the intersection
e. attack—pointing out that people who are
against the stoplight do not care about
children
43. Which of the following, if true, would
weaken the speaker’s argument?
a. Sometimes, cars run red lights.
b. Fewer children are injured at corners that
have stoplights.
c. If parents teach their children basic traffic
safety, then they might remember to look
for cars.
d. Children from this neighborhood used to
take the bus to a school farther away.
e. In the last year, there have only been three
minor accidents at the intersection and
none of them involved children.
Answers:
36. a. Because the speaker is arguing that multiple guests should be allowed when fewer members are present, the purpose of the rule is to make sure members are not crowded by the presence of guests. There is no support for choices b, c, or d. Choice e is attractive, but it is not the best choice because there is no way the club could
control which members would be at the club at any one time.
37. c. Joint pain caused by physical activity and that caused by arthritis may not respond the same way to medication.
38. e. This would indicate that the conditions of the football players and the speaker’s mother are similar.
39. c. The speaker uses analogies to compare crawling with learning arithmetic and reading and to compare walking with using a computer. The
speaker is making the point that, in both cases, a child needs to learn one before learning the other.
40. e. This evidence would back up the speaker’s contention that young students should learn the basics before learning computers. Choices a and d, which are both about cost, would have no effect on the argument. Choices b and c are too vague.
41. a. If computers enhance the learning of arithmetic and reading, the speaker’s argument is not as strong.
42.b. The speaker refers to the safety of children because most people are concerned about that. The speaker does not make a comparison (choice a). Choice c can be ruled out because the speaker does not give a specific number Choices d and e are incorrect because the speaker doesn’t give an account of any specific child, nor does he or she use any method of attack.
43. e. Since the speaker is basing the argument on the safety of children, if there were only a few accidents and none involved children, the argument is weaker.
Part 4 Click here
Answer question 36 on the basis of the information
below.
I know that our rules prohibit members from bringing more than one guest at a time to the club, but I think there should be an exception to the rule on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays. Members should be allowed to bring multiple guests on those days, since the majority of members use the club facilities on the other four days of the week.
36. The rules restricting the number of guests a
member can bring to the club probably are
intended to
a. assure that members are not crowded by
the presence of guests.
b. provide extra income for the club on
slow days.
c. allow members to bring guests to the club
for special events.
d. restrict guests to public areas of the club.
e. control the exact number of people in the
club at any time.
Answer questions 37 and 38 on the basis of the
information below.
A recent study on professional football players showed that this new ointment helps relieve
joint pain. My mother has arthritis, and I told her she should try it, but she says it probably won’t help her.
37. What argument should the mother use to
point out why the ointment probably will not
help her arthritis?
a. The ointment was just experimental.
b. The ointment is expensive.
c. Football players’ joint pain is not the result
of arthritis.
d. She has already tried another ointment and
it didn’t work.
e. Football players are generally younger than
she is.
38. Which of the following, if true, would
strengthen the speaker’s argument?
a. The mother used to be a professional
bowler.
b. Football players’ injuries are rarely painful.
c. The mother’s arthritis only flares up in bad
weather.
d. The mother finds exercise helps her arthritis.
e. Football players who are injured tend to
develop arthritis.
Answer questions 39 through 41 on the basis of the
information below.
Giving children computers in grade school is a waste of money and teachers’ time. These children are too young to learn how to use computers effectively and need to spend time on learning the basics, like arithmetic and reading. After all, a baby has to crawl before she can walk.
39. Which of the following methods of argument
is used in the previous passage?
a. a specific example that illustrates the
speaker’s point
b. attacking the beliefs of those who disagree
with the speaker
c. relying on an analogy to prove the speaker’s
point
d. displaying statistics that back up the
speaker’s point
e. comparing different methods of learning
40. Which of the following, if true, would
strengthen the speaker’s argument?
a. studies showing computers are expensive
b. research on the effect of computer games
on children
c. examples of high school students who use
computers improperly
d. proof that the cost of computers is coming
down
e. evidence that using computers makes learning
to read difficult
41. Which of the following, if true, would
weaken the speaker’s argument?
a. a demonstration that computers can be
used to teach reading and arithmetic
b. analysis of the cost-effectiveness of new
computers versus repairing old computers
c. examples of adults who do not know how
to use computers
d. recent grade reports of students in the computer
classes
e. a visit to a classroom where computers are
being used
Answer questions 42 and 43 on the basis of the information
below.
The corner of Elm and Third needs to have a stoplight. Children cross this intersection on the way to school, and sometimes, they do not check for traffic. I’ve seen several children almost get hit by cars at this corner. I know that stoplights are not cheap, and I know that children cannot be protected from every danger, but this is one of the worst intersections in town. There needs to be a stoplight here so that traffic will be slowed down and the children can walk more safely.
42. Which of the following methods of argument
is used in the above passage?
a. analogy—comparing the intersection to
something dangerous
b. emotion—referring to the safety of children
to get people interested
c. statistical analysis—noting the number of
children almost hit and the cost of a stop
light
d. personalization—telling the story of one
child’s near accident at the intersection
e. attack—pointing out that people who are
against the stoplight do not care about
children
43. Which of the following, if true, would
weaken the speaker’s argument?
a. Sometimes, cars run red lights.
b. Fewer children are injured at corners that
have stoplights.
c. If parents teach their children basic traffic
safety, then they might remember to look
for cars.
d. Children from this neighborhood used to
take the bus to a school farther away.
e. In the last year, there have only been three
minor accidents at the intersection and
none of them involved children.
Answers:
36. a. Because the speaker is arguing that multiple guests should be allowed when fewer members are present, the purpose of the rule is to make sure members are not crowded by the presence of guests. There is no support for choices b, c, or d. Choice e is attractive, but it is not the best choice because there is no way the club could
control which members would be at the club at any one time.
37. c. Joint pain caused by physical activity and that caused by arthritis may not respond the same way to medication.
38. e. This would indicate that the conditions of the football players and the speaker’s mother are similar.
39. c. The speaker uses analogies to compare crawling with learning arithmetic and reading and to compare walking with using a computer. The
speaker is making the point that, in both cases, a child needs to learn one before learning the other.
40. e. This evidence would back up the speaker’s contention that young students should learn the basics before learning computers. Choices a and d, which are both about cost, would have no effect on the argument. Choices b and c are too vague.
41. a. If computers enhance the learning of arithmetic and reading, the speaker’s argument is not as strong.
42.b. The speaker refers to the safety of children because most people are concerned about that. The speaker does not make a comparison (choice a). Choice c can be ruled out because the speaker does not give a specific number Choices d and e are incorrect because the speaker doesn’t give an account of any specific child, nor does he or she use any method of attack.
43. e. Since the speaker is basing the argument on the safety of children, if there were only a few accidents and none involved children, the argument is weaker.
Part 4 Click here
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